Malaria is a serious mosquito-borne illness common in many tropical and subtropical regions. It is caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Although malaria is preventable and treatable, it can become life-threatening if not managed early.

This guide explains the symptoms, how malaria is diagnosed, treatment options (general information), and when to get emergency care.
This article is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice.

What Are the Common Symptoms of Malaria?

Malaria symptoms usually appear 7–14 days after a mosquito bite. The most common signs include:

• High fever

• Chills and shivering

• Headache

• Nausea or vomiting

• Body weakness

• Muscle pain

• Loss of appetite

• Excessive sweating

• Fatigue

In severe cases, symptoms may include:

• Confusion

• Difficulty breathing

• Seizures

• Jaundice (yellowing of the eyes/skin)

• Severe dehydration

• Low blood pressure

If you notice severe symptoms, seek urgent hospital care immediately.

How Is Malaria Diagnosed?

A proper diagnosis can only be confirmed with a malaria blood test. This helps determine:

• Whether malaria is present

• The type of parasite

• The severity of the infection

Common tests include:

✔ Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT)

A quick test often used in clinics and hospitals.

✔ Microscopy (Blood Smear Test)

A lab test that identifies the malaria parasite directly under a microscope.

Getting a test is important because fever alone does not confirm malaria.

General Information About Malaria Treatment

Malaria treatment depends on:

• The type of parasite

• Severity of infection

• Age, pregnancy status, and overall health

• Local treatment guidelines

✔ Antimalarial Drugs

Doctors typically use prescription antimalarial medications to treat malaria. These medicines are effective when taken correctly and under medical supervision.

Important:
Avoid self-medication. Using the wrong antimalarial drug or incorrect dosage can lead to complications or drug resistance.

Why You Should Not Self-Treat Malaria

Many people try to treat malaria at home with random medications or herbal mixtures. This can be dangerous because:

• Not all fevers are malaria

• Wrong drugs can cause serious side effects

• Delayed treatment may lead to severe malaria

• Some malaria parasites are resistant to certain drugs

• Children and pregnant women are at higher risk

Always speak to a healthcare professional before taking any antimalarial treatment.

Home Care Tips After Visiting a Doctor

After being diagnosed and placed on treatment by a qualified health professional, you can support your recovery with:

✔ 1. Adequate Rest

Your body needs energy to fight infection.

✔ 2. Hydration

Drink plenty of clean water, ORS, or natural fluids to prevent dehydration.

✔ 3. Nutritious Foods

Eat light, healthy meals such as fruits, vegetables, soups, and protein-rich foods.

✔ 4. Follow Your Medication Schedule

Take your medications exactly as prescribed. Do not skip doses.

✔ 5. Monitor Symptoms

If symptoms worsen, return immediately to the hospital.

Preventing Malaria

Prevention is more effective than cure. To reduce your chances of malaria:

• Sleep under treated mosquito nets

• Use approved mosquito repellents

• Keep your environment clean (remove stagnant water)

• Wear long sleeves at night

• Install window and door screens

• Travel with preventive medication (if recommended by a doctor)

When to Seek Emergency Help

Go to the nearest healthcare facility immediately if you or someone else experiences:

• Persistent high fever

• Severe vomiting

• Difficulty breathing

• Seizures

• Confusion or fainting

• Inability to eat or drink

• Yellow eyes or skin

These signs may indicate severe malaria, which requires urgent medical attention.

Conclusion

Malaria is treatable and preventable, but early diagnosis and professional medical care are essential. Avoid self-medication, get tested when you experience symptoms, and follow a doctor’s instructions carefully. With timely treatment and proper prevention strategies, malaria can be fully controlled.